The version of IBM Cognos Analytics installed on the remote host is 11.1.x prior to 11.1.7 Fix Pack 7 or 11.2.x prior to 11.2.4 FP1. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities, including the following:

  - GNOME libxml2 could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the system, caused by a use-after-free     flaw in the xmlXIncludeDoProcess() function in xinclude.c. By sending a specially-crafted file, an attacker could     exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code on the system. (CVE-2021-3518)

  - Node.js could allow a local attacker to gain elevated privileges on the system, caused by the DLL search order     hijacking of providers.dll. By placing a specially crafted file, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability     to escalate privileges. (CVE-2022-32223)

  - Node.js marked module is vulnerable to a denial of service, caused by a regular expression denial of service     (ReDoS) flaw in inline.reflinkSearch. By sending a specially-crafted regex input, a remote attacker could exploit     this vulnerability to cause a denial of service condition. (CVE-2022-21681)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The version of Node.js installed on the remote host is prior to 14.20.0, 16.16.0, 18.5.0. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the July 7th 2022 Security Releases advisory.

  - The llhttp parser in the http module does not correctly parse and validate Transfer-Encoding headers. This     can lead to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS). More details will be available at CVE-2022-32213 after     publication. Thank you to Zeyu Zhang (@zeyu2001) for reporting this vulnerability. Impacts:
    (CVE-2022-32213)

  - The llhttp parser in the http module does not strictly use the CRLF sequence to delimit HTTP requests.
    This can lead to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS). More details will be available at CVE-2022-32214 after     publication. Thank you to Zeyu Zhang (@zeyu2001) for reporting this vulnerability. Impacts:
    (CVE-2022-32214)

  - The llhttp parser in the http module does not correctly handle multi-line Transfer-Encoding headers. This     can lead to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS). More details will be available at CVE-2022-32215 after     publication. Thank you to Zeyu Zhang (@zeyu2001) for reporting this vulnerability. Impacts:
    (CVE-2022-32215)

  - The IsAllowedHost check can easily be bypassed because IsIPAddress does not properly check if an IP     address is invalid or not. When an invalid IPv4 address is provided (for instance 10.0.2.555 is provided),     browsers (such as Firefox) will make DNS requests to the DNS server, providing a vector for an attacker-     controlled DNS server or a MITM who can spoof DNS responses to perform a rebinding attack and hence     connect to the WebSocket debugger, allowing for arbitrary code execution. This is a bypass of     CVE-2021-22884. More details will be available at CVE-2022-32212 after publication. Thank you to Axel     Chong for reporting this vulnerability. Impacts: (CVE-2022-32212)

  - This vulnerability can be exploited if the victim has the following dependencies on Windows machine:
    Whenever the above conditions are present, node.exe will search for providers.dll in the current user     directory. After that, node.exe will try to search for providers.dll by the DLL Search Order in Windows.
    It is possible for an attacker to place the malicious file providers.dll under a variety of paths and     exploit this vulnerability. More details will be available at CVE-2022-32223 after publication. Thank you     to Yakir Kadkoda from Aqua Security for reporting this vulnerability. Impacts: Note: Node.js can use an     OpenSSL configuration file by specifying the environment variable OPENSSL_CONF, or using the command line     option --openssl-conf, and if none of those are specified will default to reading the default OpenSSL     configuration file openssl.cnf. Node.js will only read a section that is by default named nodejs_conf. If     your installation was using the default openssl.cnf file and is affected by this breaking change you can     fall back to the previous behavior by: (CVE-2022-32223)

  - When Node.js starts on linux based systems, it attempts to read     /home/iojs/build/ws/out/Release/obj.target/deps/openssl/openssl.cnf, which ordinarily doesn't exist. On     some shared systems an attacker may be able create this file and therefore affect the default OpenSSL     configuration for other users. Thank you to Michael Scovetta from the OpenSSF Alpha-Omega project for     reporting this vulnerability. Impacts: (CVE-2022-32222)

  - AES OCB mode for 32-bit x86 platforms using the AES-NI assembly optimised implementation will not encrypt     the entirety of the data under some circumstances.  This could reveal sixteen bytes of data that was     preexisting in the memory that wasn't written.  In the special case of in place encryption, sixteen     bytes of the plaintext would be revealed. Since OpenSSL does not support OCB based cipher suites for TLS     and DTLS, they are both unaffected. Impacts: (CVE-2022-2097)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ALAS2023-2023-084 advisory.

  - The parser in accepts requests with a space (SP) right after the header name before the colon. This can     lead to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) in llhttp < v2.1.4 and < v6.0.6. (CVE-2021-22959)

  - The parse function in llhttp < 2.1.4 and < 6.0.6. ignores chunk extensions when parsing the body of     chunked requests. This leads to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) under certain conditions. (CVE-2021-22960)

  - ** DISPUTED ** The npm ci command in npm 7.x and 8.x through 8.1.3 proceeds with an installation even if     dependency information in package-lock.json differs from package.json. This behavior is inconsistent with     the documentation, and makes it easier for attackers to install malware that was supposed to have been     blocked by an exact version match requirement in package-lock.json. NOTE: The npm team believes this is     not a vulnerability. It would require someone to socially engineer package.json which has different     dependencies than package-lock.json. That user would have to have file system or write access to change     dependencies. The npm team states preventing malicious actors from socially engineering or gaining file     system access is outside the scope of the npm CLI. (CVE-2021-43616)

  - Accepting arbitrary Subject Alternative Name (SAN) types, unless a PKI is specifically defined to use a     particular SAN type, can result in bypassing name-constrained intermediates. Node.js < 12.22.9, < 14.18.3,     < 16.13.2, and < 17.3.1 was accepting URI SAN types, which PKIs are often not defined to use.
    Additionally, when a protocol allows URI SANs, Node.js did not match the URI correctly.Versions of Node.js     with the fix for this disable the URI SAN type when checking a certificate against a hostname. This     behavior can be reverted through the --security-revert command-line option. (CVE-2021-44531)

  - Node.js < 12.22.9, < 14.18.3, < 16.13.2, and < 17.3.1 converts SANs (Subject Alternative Names) to a     string format. It uses this string to check peer certificates against hostnames when validating     connections. The string format was subject to an injection vulnerability when name constraints were used     within a certificate chain, allowing the bypass of these name constraints.Versions of Node.js with the fix     for this escape SANs containing the problematic characters in order to prevent the injection. This     behavior can be reverted through the --security-revert command-line option. (CVE-2021-44532)

  - Node.js < 12.22.9, < 14.18.3, < 16.13.2, and < 17.3.1 did not handle multi-value Relative Distinguished     Names correctly. Attackers could craft certificate subjects containing a single-value Relative     Distinguished Name that would be interpreted as a multi-value Relative Distinguished Name, for example, in     order to inject a Common Name that would allow bypassing the certificate subject verification.Affected     versions of Node.js that do not accept multi-value Relative Distinguished Names and are thus not     vulnerable to such attacks themselves. However, third-party code that uses node's ambiguous presentation     of certificate subjects may be vulnerable. (CVE-2021-44533)

  - Due to the formatting logic of the console.table() function it was not safe to allow user controlled     input to be passed to the properties parameter while simultaneously passing a plain object with at least     one property as the first parameter, which could be __proto__. The prototype pollution has very limited     control, in that it only allows an empty string to be assigned to numerical keys of the object     prototype.Node.js >= 12.22.9, >= 14.18.3, >= 16.13.2, and >= 17.3.1 use a null protoype for the object     these properties are being assigned to. (CVE-2022-21824)

  - A OS Command Injection vulnerability exists in Node.js versions <14.20.0, <16.20.0, <18.5.0 due to an     insufficient IsAllowedHost check that can easily be bypassed because IsIPAddress does not properly check     if an IP address is invalid before making DBS requests allowing rebinding attacks. (CVE-2022-32212)

  - The llhttp parser <v14.20.1, <v16.17.1 and <v18.9.1 in the http module in Node.js does not correctly parse     and validate Transfer-Encoding headers and can lead to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS). (CVE-2022-32213)

  - The llhttp parser <v14.20.1, <v16.17.1 and <v18.9.1 in the http module in Node.js does not strictly use     the CRLF sequence to delimit HTTP requests. This can lead to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS).
    (CVE-2022-32214)

  - The llhttp parser <v14.20.1, <v16.17.1 and <v18.9.1 in the http module in Node.js does not correctly     handle multi-line Transfer-Encoding headers. This can lead to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS).
    (CVE-2022-32215)

  - A cryptographic vulnerability exists on Node.js on linux in versions of 18.x prior to 18.40.0 which     allowed a default path for openssl.cnf that might be accessible under some circumstances to a non-admin     user instead of /etc/ssl as was the case in versions prior to the upgrade to OpenSSL 3. (CVE-2022-32222)

  - Node.js is vulnerable to Hijack Execution Flow: DLL Hijacking under certain conditions on Windows     platforms.This vulnerability can be exploited if the victim has the following dependencies on a Windows     machine:* OpenSSL has been installed and C:\Program Files\Common Files\SSL\openssl.cnf exists.Whenever     the above conditions are present, `node.exe` will search for `providers.dll` in the current user     directory.After that, `node.exe` will try to search for `providers.dll` by the DLL Search Order in     Windows.It is possible for an attacker to place the malicious file `providers.dll` under a variety of     paths and exploit this vulnerability. (CVE-2022-32223)

  - A weak randomness in WebCrypto keygen vulnerability exists in Node.js 18 due to a change with     EntropySource() in SecretKeyGenTraits::DoKeyGen() in src/crypto/crypto_keygen.cc. There are two problems     with this: 1) It does not check the return value, it assumes EntropySource() always succeeds, but it can     (and sometimes will) fail. 2) The random data returned byEntropySource() may not be cryptographically     strong and therefore not suitable as keying material. (CVE-2022-35255)

  - The llhttp parser in the http module in Node v18.7.0 does not correctly handle header fields that are not     terminated with CLRF. This may result in HTTP Request Smuggling. (CVE-2022-35256)

  - A buffer overrun can be triggered in X.509 certificate verification, specifically in name constraint     checking. Note that this occurs after certificate chain signature verification and requires either a CA to     have signed the malicious certificate or for the application to continue certificate verification despite     failure to construct a path to a trusted issuer. An attacker can craft a malicious email address to     overflow four attacker-controlled bytes on the stack. This buffer overflow could result in a crash     (causing a denial of service) or potentially remote code execution. Many platforms implement stack     overflow protections which would mitigate against the risk of remote code execution. The risk may be     further mitigated based on stack layout for any given platform/compiler. Pre-announcements of     CVE-2022-3602 described this issue as CRITICAL. Further analysis based on some of the mitigating factors     described above have led this to be downgraded to HIGH. Users are still encouraged to upgrade to a new     version as soon as possible. In a TLS client, this can be triggered by connecting to a malicious server.
    In a TLS server, this can be triggered if the server requests client authentication and a malicious client     connects. Fixed in OpenSSL 3.0.7 (Affected 3.0.0,3.0.1,3.0.2,3.0.3,3.0.4,3.0.5,3.0.6). (CVE-2022-3602)

  - A buffer overrun can be triggered in X.509 certificate verification, specifically in name constraint     checking. Note that this occurs after certificate chain signature verification and requires either a CA to     have signed a malicious certificate or for an application to continue certificate verification despite     failure to construct a path to a trusted issuer. An attacker can craft a malicious email address in a     certificate to overflow an arbitrary number of bytes containing the `.' character (decimal 46) on the     stack. This buffer overflow could result in a crash (causing a denial of service). In a TLS client, this     can be triggered by connecting to a malicious server. In a TLS server, this can be triggered if the server     requests client authentication and a malicious client connects. (CVE-2022-3786)

  - A OS Command Injection vulnerability exists in Node.js versions <14.21.1, <16.18.1, <18.12.1, <19.0.1 due     to an insufficient IsAllowedHost check that can easily be bypassed because IsIPAddress does not properly     check if an IP address is invalid before making DBS requests allowing rebinding attacks.The fix for this     issue in https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2022-32212 was incomplete and this new CVE is     to complete the fix. (CVE-2022-43548)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

ID	Name	Product	Family	Published	Updated	Severity
175429	IBM Cognos Analytics Multiple Vulnerabilities (6986505)	Nessus	CGI abuses	5/12/2023	7/27/2023	critical
165634	Node.js 14.x < 14.20.0 / 16.x < 16.16.0 / 18.x < 18.5.0 Multiple Vulnerabilities (July 7th 2022 Security Releases).	Nessus	Misc.	10/3/2022	1/9/2024	high
173113	Amazon Linux 2023 : nodejs, nodejs-devel, nodejs-full-i18n (ALAS2023-2023-084)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	3/21/2023	4/21/2023	critical

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